LARASATI, Shabrina Ayu (2020) Factors Affecting Gender Gap in Labor Absorption in the Province of Central Java in 2017. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman.

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Abstract

The existence of the Millennium Development Goals can be used as themain focus as a better foundation for human development. The goal of the Millennium Development Goals is to foster gender equality and women empowerment by removing gender gaps. National economic development has notbeen able to improve the welfare of the people widely. The main indicator is highinequality. One of the gender inequalities that occur in Central Java is in the labormarket, namely the lack of women's access to employment opportunities. Thediscrimination that occurs against women in the world of work includes paying lessfor the same job, being treated as incompetent, being ignored in the office, gettingless support, feeling isolated in the office, not being given important assignments,not getting a promotion, not holding leadership, and so forth. The type of research is quantitative research as in secondary data withcross-section method. The study took the title "Factors Affecting Gender Gap inLabor Absorption in The Province of Central Java in 2017". The problem of this research is that of the six provinces in Java Island, bylooking at the Human Development Index indicator during 2014-2017, Central Javaprovince ranked second as the lowest Human Development Index after East Javaprovince, while looking at the Gender Development Index indicator during 20142017,CentralJavaprovincerankedthirdasthehighestGenderDevelopmentIndexafterSpecialCapitalRegionofJakartaprovinceandSpecialRegionofYogyakartaeveryyear.BasedondataonlaborabsorptionbythemainjobfieldinCentralJavaprovincein2017,thereisstillagendergapinlaborabsorption.Itcreatesgenderdiscriminationin theworldofwork. Thepurposeofthisresearchistoanalyzetheinfluenceofthenumberofproductive-agepopulation,meanyearsofschooling,andlaborforceparticipationratetothegendergapinlaborabsorptioninCentralJavaprovincebyregency/cityin2017andidentifyingwhichfactorismostinfluentialamongtheproductive-agepopulation,meanyearsofschooling,andlaborforceparticipationratetothegendergapinlaborabsorptioninCentralJavaprovincebyregency/city in2017. Theresearch method used is a data analysis technique in the form ofdescriptive analysis and double-log multiple regression with the object of researchbased on 35 regencies/cities in Central Java province in 2017. Based on the results of the research and analysis of data using descriptiveanalysis and double-log multiple regression processed with EViews 10 software,indicating that: (1) Based on the results of descriptive analysis, it shows that theemployment-to-population ratio in Central Java province is 23.04 percent whichindicates that the proportion of men’s working-age in the world of work hasexceeded women by 23.04 percent, (2) On the men’s statistical model, the variableof productive-age population, the variable of mean years of schooling, and thevariable of labor force participation rate have a positive and significant effect onthe labor absorption in Central Java province, (3) On the women’s statistical model,the variable of the productive-age population and the variable of labor forceparticipation rate have a positive and significant effect on the labor absorption in Central Java province, but the variable of mean years of schooling has negative andsignificant effects on the labor absorption in Central Java province. For the sake of the realization of gender equality in the productive agepopulation, efforts can be made, namely in labor-intensive companies (especiallyin the mining sector; the community, social and personal services sector; and theagriculture, forestry, hunting and fishery sector) are more encouraging to absorblabor in the women’s productive-age population by increasing employmentopportunities or increasing labor absorption quotas so that women can contributeeconomically to sectors that have high productivity. For the sake of the realizationof gender equality in the education, efforts can be made namely, the governmentshould increase the mean years of schooling for women by eliminating the culturalmindset of the society who still think that women do not need education attainmentand need to establish a budget for the implementation of gender equality programsin the field of education and increase control over the use of the budget so that thebudget can be utilized in accordance with the objectives of gender equality. Thenfor the sake of the realization of gender equality in labor force participation rate,the government needs to hold a budget that is allocated in the field of employment,namely opening job training for women so that the quality of women's resourcesincreases and can compete with men labor in the world of work. From the companyside, it must pay more attention and implement the rights of workers by giving fairtreatment between men labor and women labor who have the same high quality ofresources so that women's motivation to participate in the world of work is higher.

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