WAHYUDIANA, Nadhilla Haura (2021) Interaction between Human and Long-tailed Macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Kalisalak, Kebasen, Banyumas. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman.

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Abstract

Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is one of the primates that can be found easily almost all over Indonesia. It lives in tropical forests as groups. It has an important role in ecological function. The conflict between humans and animals is usually caused by the degradation or loss of animal habitat, affecting ecosystem harmony. The long-tailed macaque population can be found in Makam Mbah Agung Karangbanar Religious Recreation Forest (RRF), Kalisalak, Kebasen. There is a residential area next to the site. The existence of humans and macaque in the same area makes the interaction between these organisms. Interaction that occurs between humans and macaques can be positive or negative. This research aimed to know the interaction between human and long-tailed macaque in Kalisalak as the religious destination and human perception toward macaques in Kalisalak. This research was conducted in Makam Mbah Agung Karangbanar RRF, Kalisalak, Kebasen, from October 2020 to April 2021. Data were collected by using the survey method, ad libitum sampling to see the interaction between human and long-tailed macaques, and interviews to see human response toward macaque. Ad libitum sampling was recorded for a total of 8 hours observation duration during research for a week from Monday to Sunday. The interaction observed include social affiliation (affiliative), social agonism (agonistic), and non-social affiliation (neutral). Ad libitum sampling was done in RRF area starting from 8.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. for a week. The interview sample was counted by Lemeshow formula due to an unknown number of visitors. The respondent was divided into two categories, visitor (n= 31) and locals (n= 69). Visitors were tourists from outside Karangbanar district, including Kalisalak. Locals were the people whose residential area was the nearest to the research site. The result of human-macaques observation was analyzed descriptively, and the results were interpreted as a percentage. There were some steps before the results of the human perspective toward macaques were interpreted. The steps include editing data to check the questionnaire whether each question was already filled up. Next is coding and altering the respondent's choice into code. Data was processed after the coding was done, so it could be analyzed. Data was input into a software then processed to see the percentage of each question then it was then analyzed descriptively. The last step was done by verifying whether the data was mistaken or not before finally being interpreted. The result was obtained for human-macaques interaction initiated by humans tend to be neutral, walking. People who mostly visited the site were locals, which are already accustomed to the presence of the macaques, so it may cause the interaction to be neutral. Furthermore, the interaction initiated by macaques tends to be affiliative, taking the feed. Macaques in Kalisalak were accustomed to human presence and already lived side by side for years, also familiar with provisioned food by humans, so they were attracted when they saw humans bringing them food. Both locals' and visitors' human perception toward macaques in Kalisalak shows a positive result. The locals around Makam Mbah Agung Karangbanar RRF, Kalisalak, have lived together with the macaques for many years. Visitors from outside Karangbanar, came to RRF mostly to see the macaques rather than visit the grave.

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