IZZAH, Naila Nurul (2023) Higher Order Thinking Skills in Reading Exercises (A Content Analysis on a Course Book Entitled “English on Sky 3” Published by Erlangga in 2018 for Grade 9 Students of Junior High Schools). Skripsi thesis, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman.

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Abstract

The general concern of this research is Higher Order Thinking in Reading Exercises. Meanwhile, the main concern of this research is content analysis on a course book entitled English on Sky 3 published by Erlangga in 2018 for grade 9 students of Junior High Schools which aims to find out the distribution HOTS and the most dominant HOTS cognitive level in its open-ended reading exercises. The data used in this research are open-ended reading exercises derived from the English on Sky 3 course book for grade 9 junior high school. The data collected were then analyzed. The researcher then determined the cognitive level of each reading question. In analyzing the open-ended reading exercises, the researcher referred to the revised bloom's taxonomy theory regarding six cognitive levels (remembering, understanding, applying, analyzing, evaluating, and creating). The distributions of each cognitive level were then calculated and compared to find out the overall distribution of HOTS and which HOTS cognitive level is most dominant. This research is qualitative by using the content analysis method. It aims to describe and discovers the characteristics of open-ended reading exercises in English on Sky 3 including its distribution of HOTS and the most dominant HOTS cognitive level. The results of this research showed that: 1) there were 6 out of 158 open-ended reading questions (3.80%) belonged to HOTS. Meanwhile, there were 152 out of 158 reading questions (96.20%) belonged to LOTS. 2) among the reading questions identified as HOTS, the most dominant cognitive level was Analyzing with the distribution of 5 out of 6 questions (83.3%). Whereas Evaluating level acquires only 1 of 6 questions (16.7%), and Creating level has no distribution. In conclusion, the distribution of HOTS in open-ended reading exercises in English on Sky 3 is lower than LOTS. This demonstrates that the open-ended reading exercises in English on Sky 3 are insufficient to develop students' critical thinking skills Moreover, the result shows an imbalanced distribution of the 3 cognitive levels included in the HOTS. Analyzing level appeared more frequently than Evaluating and Creating level. It is suggested for the author of the English course book come up with more HOTS questions especially Evaluating and Creating levels. Besides, school and English teachers should be wiser in choosing course books and double-checking the content of the book. It is preferable for teachers not to rely on the book’s content and develop their own exercises that train students' higher-order thinking skills. It is proposed that the following researcher investigate more aspects and provide more valuable results.

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