AINI, Gadis Habibah (2025) Kinetika Reaksi Hidrolisis Polisakarida Untuk Produksi Bioetanol Dari Kulit Pisang Kepok Menggunakan Rumen Sapi. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman.

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Abstract

The high global energy demand still relies heavily on petroleum as the primary fossil fuel source, particularly in the transportation and industrial sectors. This dependence creates two major issues economic instability due to global oil price fluctuations and environmental impacts such as greenhouse gas emissions (CO₂) exacerbating global warming. This is reinforced by Presidential Regulation No. 5 of 2006 on National Energy Policy, which promotes the exploration of renewable energy alternatives. One potential solution is bioethanol derived from banana peel waste through enzymatic hydrolysis, utilizing its starch-rich biomass. Banana peels contain complex carbohydrates that require prolonged hydrolysis, making process efficiency the key focus of this study. This research employed parametric analysis using ANOVA to assess significant differences among factors. The independent variables were temperature (35°C, 45°C, 55°C) and time (50, 60, 70 minutes), while the dependent variable was glucose concentration. Kinetic calculations used time intervals of 0–70 minutes (10-minute increments). The kinetic results included reactant conversion (XA), reaction order, rate constant (k), slope, activation energy (Ea), rate equation, and conversion efficiency (%). The optimal temperature-time combination was 45°C for 70 minutes. Kinetic analysis revealed a first-order reaction with respect to reactant concentration. The average rate constant was k = 2.105, with a slope of −3.939 × 10⁶ K. The linear slope yielded the rate equation , with a collision constant (k₀) of 2.1032 and activation energy of 3.275 kJ/mol. The highest conversion efficiency (11.010%) occurred at 45°C for 70 minutes, while the lowest (0.335%) was observed at 45°C for 10 minutes.

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