MAULANA, Ari Sihabun (2025) Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants in the Sambetan Ritual in Bumijawa District, Tegal Regency. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman.

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Abstract

Traditional medicine has long been an integral part of life in Indonesian society, particularly in rural areas, preceding the advancement of modern medicine. This practice often involves the use of medicinal plants, with knowledge passed down through generations. One tradition that combines traditional medicine with cultural values is the Sambetan Ritual in Batumirah Village, Bumijawa District, Tegal Regency. This study aims to identify the diversity of medicinal plant species used in the ritual, explore their diversity and utilization including the parts used, processing methods, sourcing, and benefits and analyze the community's level of trust in the use of these plants in the ritual, as well as their contribution to cultural preservation and biodiversity conservation. This study employed a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative descriptive methods with surveys. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observation, and documentation, using snowball sampling to identify knowledgeable informants. It focused on plant diversity and utilization in the Sambetan Ritual, examining plant morphology, parts used, preparation methods, efficacy, sourcing, and community conservation efforts. Data analysis included descriptive identification of species/cultural significance and quantitative metrics: Use-Value (UV), Plant Part Use (PPU), Fidelity Level (FL), and Index of Cultural Significance (ICS). Six key medicinal plants are used in the Sambetan ritual: dringo (Acorus calamus), bengle (Zingiber montanum), ginger (Zingiber officinale), shallot (Allium cepa), coconut oil (Cocos nucifera), and cajuput oil (Melaleuca cajuputi). Applied topically after pounding and oil mixing, they treat fever, muscle aches, and spiritual imbalances. Quantitative analysis confirmed their cultural importance: dringo and bengle had the highest UV (0.89 and 0.84). PPU showed rhizomes/leaves were preferred (>80% of preparations). High FL values for dringo (88%) and bengle (82%) indicated strong consensus on their use, while ICS identified dringo as the most culturally significant. This knowledge is primarily preserved by elders, with limited intergenerational transmission; however, home cultivation and oral traditions help maintain its continuity. Keywords: medicinal plants, sambetan ritual, traditional knowledge.

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