REFIANA, Esti (2017) Kajian Aplikasi Metabolit Sekunder Dua Isolat Trichoderma Harzianum terhadap Penyakit Kuning pada Tanaman Lada. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman.

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Abstract

Pepper is one of high economic value crops. Pepper productivity continues to decline. One of the causal decreasing agents is yellow diseases result in ioss of 32%. The diseases is difficult to control because of complex condition; one of them is meloidogyne sp. Nematode. Control by the farmers still uses synthetic pesticides that have a negative impact, so that an alternative control is needed by the use of secondary metabolites derived from trichoderma harzianum. This research aimed to study the effectiveness of the secondary metabolites application derived from t. Harzianum ginger and shallot isolates, and there combination against the diseases and their effect on growth and phenolic compounds of pepper. The research was conducted in pepper plantation at the kleben sub-village, Sidorejo village, godean subdistrict, sleman regency, yogyakarta and laboratory of plant protection, faculty of agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto from October up to December 2016. randomized block design was used with 6 replicates and 4 treatments consisted of control, secondary metabolites of t. Harzianum ginger and shallot isolates, and there combined isolates. Variables observed were disease incidence, number of symptom leaves, number of healthy leaves, number of new leaves, and phenolic compounds. Results of the research showed that the treatment secondary metabolites of T. Harzianum ginger and shallot isolates could suppress the disease incidence respectively as 27.56 and 24.89% and number of symptom leaves respectively as 56.34 dan 56.91%. The secondary metabolites of t. Harzianum ginger isolate could increase the number of new leaves as 43.02%. All secondary metabolites of T. Harzianum could increase phenolic compounds contains (Tannins, and Glycosides) Lada merupakan tanaman yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Produktivitas lada terus menurun. Salah satu penyebab penurunan tersebut adalah akibat gangguan penyakit kuning yang menyebabkan kerugian sebesar 32%. Penyakit kuning sukar dikendalikan karena disebabkan oleh keadaan kompleks, salah satunya nematoda meloidogyne sp. Pengendalian oleh petani masih menggunakan pestisida sintetis yang memiliki dampak negatif, sehingga perlu alternatif pengendalian menggunakan metabolit sekunder trichoderma harzianum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keefektifan metabolit sekunder t. Harzianum isolat jahe, bawang merah, maupun gabungannya, terhadap penyakit kuning dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan serta senyawa fenol pada tanaman Lada. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di lahan pertanaman lada di dusun kleben, Desa Sidorejo, Kecamatan Godean, Kabupaten Seman, Yogyakarta dan laboratorium perlindungan tanaman fakultas pertanian Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, mulai oktober sampai desember 2016. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan 6 ulangan dan 4 perlakuan yang terdiri atas kontrol, metabolit sekunder t. Harzianum isolat jahe, isolat bawang merah, dan gabungan isolat bawang merah dan jahe. Variabel yang diamati adalah kejadian penyakit, jumlah daun sakit, jumlah daun sehat, jumlah daun baru dan analisis senyawa fenol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan menggunakan metabolit sekunder t. Harzianum isolat jahe dan bawang merah mampu menekan kejadian penyakit masing-masing sebesar 27,56 dan 24,89% serta menekan jumlah daun sakit masing-masing sebesar 56,34 dan 56,91%. Perlakuan dengan menggunakan metabolit sekunder t. Harzianum isolat jahe mampu meningkatkan jumlah daun baru sebesar 43,02%. Perlakuan metabolit sekunder t. Harzianum mampu meningkatkan kandungan senyawa fenol (tanin dan glikosida) pada tanaman lada.

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