RAHMATIA, Sevya Nurkha (2023) Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Tanaman Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb) Terhadap Gambaran Histopatologi Hepar Tikus (Rattus norvegicus) Model Hiperkolesterolemia. Skripsi thesis, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman.

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Abstract

ABSTRAK Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan faktor risiko penyakit perlemakan hepar. Tingginya kadar kolesterol dalam darah akan menyebabkan gangguan metabolisme dan penumpukan lemak di hepar. Pegagan atau Centella asiatica (CA) memiliki kandungan fenol, asam asiatik, dan asam madekasik yang berkhasiat dalam menurunkan kadar lipid dalam tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak CA terhadap histopatologi hepar pada tikus model hiperkolesterolemia. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain post test only with control group dengan 35 ekor tikus yang dibagi lima kelompok (K): K1 (kontrol sehat, n=7), K2 (kontrol negatif dan sonde Na CMC, n=7), K3 (125mg/KgBB/hari, n=7), K4 (250mg/KgBB/hari, n=7), K5 (500mg/KgBB/hari, n=7). Induksi hiperkolesterolemia dilakukan selama 2 minggu menggunakan kolesterol 2% dan asam kolat 0,2%, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pemberian ekstrak CA selama 5 minggu. Perlemakan hepar dinilai menggunakan NAFLD Activity Score (NAS). Rerata skor NAS pada K1: 0,43 ± 0,53, K2: 5,14 ± 0,69, K3: 4,00 ± 1,29, K4: 2,00 ± 1,00, K5: 1,71 ± 0,76. Pada uji Kruskal Wallis didapatkan hasil yang signifikan (p = 0,000). Uji post hoc menunjukkan kelompok 1 terhadap kelompok 2, 3, 4, dan 5 memiliki perbedaan bermakna. Kelompok 2 terhadap kelompok 3 tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna, sedangkan terhadap kelompok 4 dan 5 didapatkan perbedaan bermakna. Kelompok 3 terhadap kelompok 4 dan 5 memiliki perbedaan bermakna sedangkan kelompok 4 terhadap kelompok 5 tidak memiliki perbedaan bermakna. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat pengaruh pemberian ekstrak CA terhadap gambaran histopatologi hepar pada tikus hiperkolesterolemia. Dosis pemberian ekstrak CA 500 mg/KgBB/hari memiliki gambaran histopatologi hepar paling baik dibandingkan dosis lainnya. ABSTRACT Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for fatty liver disease. High levels of cholesterol in the blood will cause metabolic disorders and fat accumulation in the liver. Pegagan or Centella asiatica (CA) is known to contain phenol, asiatic acid, and madekasic acid which are efficacious in lowering lipid levels in the body. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of CA extract on liver histopathology in hypercholesterolemic rat models. This study used a post test only design with control group with 35 rats divided into five groups (K): K1 (healthy control, n=7), K2 (negative control and Na CMC probe, n=7), K3 (125 mg/WB/day, n=7), K4 (250 mg/WB/day, n=7), K5 (500 mg/WB/day, n=7). Induction of hypercholesterolemia was carried out for 2 weeks using 2% cholesterol and 0.2% cholic acid, then continued with the administration of CA extract for 5 weeks. Liver fat was assessed using the NAFLD Activity Score (NAS). Mean NAS score at K1: 0.43 ± 0.53, K2: 5.14 ± 0.69, K3: 4.00 ± 1.29, Q4: 2.00 ± 1.00, K5: 1.71 ± 0.76. The Kruskal Wallis test showed significant results (p = 0.000). The post hoc test showed that group 1 to groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 had a significant difference. Group 2 to group 3 did not get a significant difference, while groups 4 and 5 got a significant difference. Group 3 to groups 4 and 5 had a significant difference while group 4 to group 5 did not have a significant difference. The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of CA extract on the histopathological appearance of the liver in hypercholesterolemic rats. The dose of CA extract 500 mg/WB/day has a better liver histopathology compared to other doses

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