ALVANDIKA, Anas (2025) Technological Transformation In Environmental Management In Broiler Chicken Houses Based On The Internet Of Things (IOT). Masters thesis, Jenderal Soedirman University.

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Abstract

Broiler chicken farming is a strategic sector in the provision of animal protein that requires the implementation of modern maintenance systems to maintain the stability of the coop environment. Conventional closed houses still face challenges in the form of fluctuations in temperature, humidity, lighting, noise, and the accumulation of harmful gases that affect the health and performance of chickens. This research developed an Internet of Things (IoT)- based environmental management automation system with the integration of semi- industrial sensors, Human Machine Interface (HMI), Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC), and web-based monitoring. The research methods included hardware and software design, integration of temperature, humidity, light, noise, wind speed, O₂, CO₂, and NH₃ sensors, and experimental testing by comparing coop conditions before and after the implementation of IoT. Data analysis was performed using the paired sample t-test, Wilcoxon, and descriptive analysis to assess changes in environmental conditions, chicken performance, energy efficiency, and user satisfaction levels. The results showed that the temperatures before and after IoT implementation were normally distributed (p=0.929) with no significant difference in mean (p=0.080), but the temperature pattern was more stable and closer to the SOP standard (p=0.016). Humidity increased significantly after the implementation of IoT (p=0.000). Noise fluctuated, decreasing but increasing on average (p=0.003) due to the influence of automatic fans. Wind speed decreased significantly (p=0.001) and became more controllable through the implementation of a Variable Frequency Drive (VFD). O₂ levels showed an upward trend, while CO₂ decreased significantly to below the safe threshold of <3000 ppm (p<0.001). NH₃ showed signs of a decrease. Performance parameters showed a marked improvement, with mortality decreasing significantly (p=0.005), depletion reduced from below 5% to 3% (p<0.01), and body weight increasing significantly from 846.28 g to 895.43 g (p<0.05). The Daily Gain (DG) value (p > 0.05) was higher before IoT but more stable after IoT was implemented. FCR remained efficient (p>0.05), and the Performance Index (PI) increased from 360.7 to 414.2, although not significantly (p>0.05). Monitoring of electricity consumption through the smart metering system showed a trend towards efficiency, in line with the adaptive VFD-based fan control system that responds to environmental conditions. The System Usability Scale (SUS) assessment of the HMI system and recording website obtained a score of 68–72, which falls into the good usability category. The application of the IoT system has proven to be able to improve the stability of the microclimate in the coop, improve the growth performance of broiler chickens, and reduce potential operational energy costs. The implementation of this technology contributes to increasing production efficiency and the competitiveness of modern broiler farms in a sustainable manner.

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